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Microsoft word 2013 ribbon quiz free download
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Much of the guidance still applies in principle, but the presentation and examples do not reflect our current design guidance. Ribbons are the modern way to help users find, understand, and use commands efficiently and directly with a minimum number of clicks, with less need to resort to trial-and-error, and without having to refer to Help. A ribbon is a command bar that organizes a program’s features into a series of tabs at the top of a window.
Using a ribbon increases discoverability of features and functions, enables quicker learning of the program as a whole, and makes users feel more in control of their experience with the program.
A ribbon can replace both the traditional menu bar and toolbars. Ribbon tabs are composed of groups, which are a labeled set of closely related commands. In addition to tabs and groups, ribbons consist of:. Ribbons were originally introduced with Microsoft Office To learn why Office needs to use ribbons and the many problems using a ribbon solves, see The Story of the Ribbon.
Guidelines related to menus , toolbars , command buttons , and icons are presented in separate articles. Finally, consider this ultimate question: Is the improvement in discoverability, ease of learning, efficiency, and productivity worth the cost of the extra space and the need for tabs to organize commands? If so, using a ribbon is an excellent choice. If you’re not sure, consider usability testing a ribbon-based design and comparing it to the best alternative.
Ribbons are a new and engaging form of command presentation, and a great way to modernize a program. But as compelling as they are, they aren’t the right choice for every program. While you might simply refactor a traditional menu bar and toolbar design of an existing program to a ribbon format, doing so misses most of the value of using a ribbon.
Ribbons have the most value when used to present immediate, results-oriented commands, often in the form of galleries and live previews. Results-oriented commands make commands easier to understand and users much more efficient and productive. Instead of refactoring your existing commands, it’s better to redesign completely how commands are performed in your program.
Don’t underestimate the challenge of creating an effective ribbon. And don’t take for granted that using a ribbon automatically makes your program better. Creating an effective ribbon takes a lot of time and effort.
Being willing to commit the time and effort required for such a command redesign is an important factor in deciding to use a ribbon. By contrast, ribbons provide enhanced keyboard accessibility through keytips , usually with a three-step process:. Press a character to choose a tab, the Application button, or a command in the Quick Access Toolbar.
This approach is highly visual. It is also more flexible, allowing it to scale better and to have more mnemonic access key assignments. Don’t confuse access keys with shortcut keys. While both access keys and shortcut keys provide keyboard access to UI, they have different purposes and guidelines. For more information, see Keyboard. Rich commands refer to the presentation and interaction of commands used by ribbons, without necessarily using a ribbon container. Rich commands have these characteristics:.
All commands are given self-explanatory labels, with exceptions only when the icons are extremely well known and space is at a premium. Instead of uniform sizing, commands are sized relative to their frequency of use and importance. In addition to making the most frequently used commands easier to find and click, it also makes them more touchable. Dynamic sizing. Rich command controls resize themselves to take full advantage of the available space, as opposed to using a fixed size and either truncating or using overflow when the size is too small.
Split buttons. Split buttons are a good way to consolidate a set of variations of a command when needed, while maintaining directness for the most frequently used command. In this example, the Save As command uses a split button, where the main button performs the most common variation and the menu portion reveals a menu with variations of the command.
Rich drop-down menus and galleries. Drop-down menus, drop-down lists, and galleries take the space they need to communicate and differentiate the effect of the choices, often using graphics and text descriptions. Categories are used to organize large sets of options. Live previews. Whenever the user hovers over a formatting option, the program shows what the results would look like with that formatting using the actual content.
Enhanced tooltips. These concisely explain their associated commands and give the shortcut keys. They may also include graphics and references to Help although they largely eliminate the need for command-related Help.
While ribbons might not be suitable for all programs, all programs can potentially benefit from rich commands. The Application button and Quick Access Toolbar provide commands that are useful in any context, thus reducing the need to change tabs. While these three components are logically independent, a ribbon must always have an Application button and Quick Access Toolbar. Given that commands can go in either the ribbon or the Application button, you might be wondering where to place commands.
The choice is not arbitrary. The Application button is used to present a menu of commands that involve doing something to or with a file, such as commands that traditionally go in the File menu to create, open, and save files, print, and send and publish documents. By contrast, the ribbon itself is for commands that affect the content of the window.
Examples include commands used to read, modify, or use the content, or change the view. If you use a ribbon, you must also use an Application button even if your program doesn’t involve documents or files. In such cases, use the Application menu to present commands for printing, program options, and exiting the program.
While arguably the Application button isn’t necessary for such programs, using it provides consistency across programs. Users don’t have to hunt for save and undo commands or program options because they are always in the same place. The Quick Access Toolbar is required even if the ribbon only uses one tab.
Again, while arguably such programs don’t need a Quick Access Toolbar because all the commands are already present on the single tab , having a customizable Quick Access Toolbar provides consistency across programs. For example, if users are in the habit of clicking the Print command, they should be able to do so in any program that uses a ribbon. By providing tabs and groups, ribbons allow you to organize your commands to aid discoverability.
The challenge is that if the organization is done poorly, it can greatly harm discoverability instead. There should be a clear, obvious, and unique mapping between your commands and the descriptively labeled tabs and groups where they reside.
Users will form a mental model of the ribbon after using it for a while. If that mental model doesn’t make sense to users, is inefficient, or is incorrect, it will lead to confusion and frustration. Your most important goal in designing a ribbon is to facilitate finding commands quickly and confidently. If you do not accomplish this, your ribbon design will fail. Achieving this goal requires careful design, user testing, and iteration. Don’t assume that it will be easy.
In this example, you can change paragraph borders through the Page Borders command, even though there is a more direct path on the Home tab. If users looking for paragraph borders were to stumble across this unexpected path, they might easily assume that it’s the only path.
The best first step is to review the standard ribbon tabs. If your program’s commands map naturally into the standard tabs, base your tab organization on these standards. On the other hand, if you program’s commands don’t map naturally, don’t try to force it. Determine a more natural structure, and be sure to perform a lot of user testing to make sure that you’ve got it right.
The Home tab is an exception to these considerations. While you don’t have to have a Home tab, most programs should. The Home tab is the first tab, and contains the most frequently used commands. If you have frequently used commands that don’t fit into the other tabs, the Home tab is the right place for them.
If you can’t determine a meaningful, descriptive tab name, it is probably because the tab isn’t well designed. If your ribbon organization just isn’t working, reconsider your tab design. Dividing commands into groups structures the commands into related sets. The group label explains the common purpose of its commands.
In this example, the Font and Paragraph groups are more noticeable than the Clipboard group, because they are what the eye sees first when moving up from the document. In this example, the Tracking group receives the most attention, in part because the highlighted Review tab acts as a focal point. You can use various types of previews to show what will result from a command.
By using helpful previews, you can improve the efficiency of your program and reduce the need for the trial-and-error learning approach. Live previews also invite experimentation and encourage creativity. In this example, Word changes the Text highlight color and Font color commands to indicate their current effect.
In this example, the Page Color command performs a live preview by showing the effect of the color options on hover. Live previews are a powerful feature that can really improve your users’ productivity, but even simple static previews can be a big help. Scaling a toolbar is simple: if a window is too narrow to display a toolbar, the toolbar displays what fits and makes everything else accessible through an overflow button. A goal of rich commands is to take full advantage of the available space, so scaling a ribbon requires more design work.
There is no default ribbon size, so you should not design a ribbon with a particular width in mind. You have to design layouts with a wide range of widths and realize that any one of them could be the one most of your users will see.
Scaling is a fundamental part of ribbon design, not the last step. When designing a tab, specify the different layouts for each group up to three as well as the combinations that can be used together.
The ribbon will show the largest valid combination that fits the current window size. Toolbars scale using an overflow button. There is no default ribbon size. The smallest size is a single pop-up group icon. Whenever practical, map your program’s commands to these standard tabs, given in their standard order of appearance. If you have contextual commands related to format, design, and layout, but not enough for multiple tabs, just provide a Format tab.
Whenever practical, map your program’s commands to these standard groups, which are given within their associated tabs in their standard order of appearance. Take advantage of the discoverability and scalability of ribbons by exposing all the commonly used commands.
When appropriate, move frequently used commands from dialog boxes to the ribbon, especially those that are known to be hard to find. Ideally, users should be able to perform common tasks without using any dialog boxes. Don’t use the scalability of ribbons to justify adding unnecessary complexity.
Continue to exercise restraint don’t add commands to a ribbon just because you can. Keep the overall command experience simple. The following are ways to simplify the presentation:. Present each command on only one tab. Avoid multiple paths to the same command especially if the command requires many clicks to invoke.
It may seem like a convenience to find a command through multiple paths. But keep in mind that when users find what they are looking for, they stop looking. It is all too easy for users to assume that the first path they find is the only path which is a serious problem if that path is inefficient. Exception: Contextual tabs may duplicate a few commands from the Home and Insert tabs if doing so prevents changing tabs for common contextual tasks.
Within a group, put the commands in their logical order, while giving preference to the most frequently used commands. Overall, the commands should have a logical flow to make them easy to find, while still having the most frequently used commands appear first.
Microsoft word 2013 ribbon quiz free download
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Microsoft word 2013 ribbon quiz free download
Accounting and Commerce. The correct answer is F ヘルプ 井戸端 お知らせ バグの報告 寄付 ウィキペディアに関するお問い合わせ. UP TGT. Привожу ссылку Engineer. These commands look too similar to each other because they are all the same size. mowed in a semicircle of 7.